Tyrannosaurus rex

Excavated from the hard sandstone of the Frenchman Formation in Saskatchewan beginning in 1991, RSM P2523.8 — nicknamed “Scotty” for the bottle of Scotch raised the night it was found — is one of the largest and most heavily built Tyrannosaurus individuals on record. Its limb-bone circumferences imply a particularly massive animal, and the worn, heavily remodeled bone marks it as an old individual that lived a long, hard life.

Because the skeleton came out of dense rock over many field seasons, its preparation stretched across decades; the reconstruction below shows which bones were ultimately recovered.