GnathostomataProtostegidae

Archelon ischyros

Archelon ischyros skeletal reconstruction, left lateral view, length ~4.6 m.
Scale bar = 1 meter
Taxon
Archelon ischyros Wieland, 1896
Reconstructed length
~4.6 m (15 feet)
View
Left lateral
Drawing
© Scott Hartman
Drawn
2019, revised 2026
Clade
  1. Gnathostomata
  2. Tetrapoda
  3. Amniota
  4. Sauropsida
  5. Testudinata
  6. Cryptodira
  7. Protostegidae

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The largest sea turtle known, cruising the Western Interior Seaway of the Late Cretaceous. Archelon spanned some four meters across its flippers and, in place of a solid shell, bore an open framework of narrow bony struts beneath leathery skin. While it superficially resembles living sea turtles, Archelon belongs to a group of extinct turtles called protostegids that went extinct in the Cretaceous, with modern leatherback sea turtles independently evolving a similar ocean-going lifestyle later during the Cenozoic.